Manajemen Adaptif Sarana dan Prasarana di Sekolah Dasar: Model Situasional dalam Mengoptimalkan Keterbatasan Sumber Daya

Abstract

Limited educational facilities and infrastructure remain a challenge for elementary schools in creating effective learning processes, requiring management that goes beyond compliance with physical standards toward the contextual optimization of available resources. This study aims to identify adaptive patterns in facilities and infrastructure management, analyze the contribution of prioritization and optimization strategies to learning, and formulate the Situational Facilities and Infrastructure Management Model (SFIMM). A descriptive qualitative approach was employed at SDN 2 Rajabasa Jaya, Bandar Lampung. Data were obtained from three key informants—the principal, facilities and infrastructure coordinator, and classroom teacher—through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, while source and technique triangulation ensured trustworthiness. The findings reveal that resource limitations are addressed through priority-based participatory planning, collaborative and self-supported procurement, multifunctional use of spaces, and responsive maintenance involving internal participation. These strategies enable the school to sustain learning despite limitations in laboratories, computer equipment, and funding. The findings generate the SFIMM, which positions school conditions and resource capacity as the basis for determining facility management strategies. The model contributes to shifting facilities and infrastructure management from a standardized facility-oriented perspective toward contextual optimization. These findings highlight the importance of flexibility, collaboration, and resource prioritization in managing elementary school facilities under resource constraints.